Layered nails: causes, treatment and prevention

Layering nails - this is a serious problem for many, because they look ugly and untidy. This article will tell you more about the causes, treatment and prevention of nail exfoliation.

The structure of the nail plate is quite complicated. So, below each nail plate is covered with a small skin fold. It is called a roller or cuticle. This part of the nail is very important. The cuticle protects the nail from the penetration of various pathogens. If the integrity of the cuticle for some reason is broken, then this leads to the development of a number of pathological conditions.

The cuticle is represented by epithelial cells. They grow, and then, as they age, they simply exfoliate. If this part of the nail is not given due attention, then as the epithelial cells are renewed, a number of problems may appear - for example, excessive dryness of the cuticle. Such a state often leads to the fact that the skin roller begins to cling to clothes and get injured, which inevitably leads to burrs.

The nail plate is conventionally divided into several zones. So, secrete the body and root of the nail plate. The root, in fact, refers to the back of the nail, which is “hidden” under the skin roller. If the nail is not damaged, then to see its root with the naked eye completely will not work. The only visible part of this zone is the white moon roller. On healthy nails, it looks like a whitish strip, resembling a half of the full moon. This part of the nail plate is called moonula.

The root of the nail is a very important area. It is no coincidence that nature is designed so that it is protected from external influences by the skin roller. This important section is also called the matrix. The cells that form it are actively dividing and developing. It is from this part that the entire nail grows. If the matrix is ​​damaged for some reason, then the full growth of the nail plate does not occur. The structure of this part of the nail bed is quite complicated. Actively dividing cellular elements are called onihoblasts. Through biological transformation, they are transformed into epithelial horny cells, which form the main part of the nail plate.

The visible part of the nail plate has a complex structure, and its chemical composition is complex. Interestingly, the strength of this part of the nail provide special proteins, the most important of them is keratin. Many people have heard about the existence of such a substance mainly from the media and various advertising. Manufacturers of cosmetic products and body care products usually add keratin to various shampoos and conditioners. However, without this substance, normal nail strength is impossible.

The molecular structure of keratin is very complex. Sulfur micromolecules are involved in the formation of each molecule of such a “building” protein. They are connected by special chemical bonds, providing a unique structure of keratin. This feature of the structure makes it clear that any violations of mineral metabolism, especially associated with insufficient intake of a number of amino acids containing sulfur atoms, can lead to problems with the strength of nails.

It is worth noting that even the heredity affects the quality of the structure of this protein.Modern scientists are still continuing their experiments, which should identify specific genes responsible for the individual characteristics of the structure of keratin. However, it is already becoming clear that the construction of this “building” protein is strongly influenced by heredity. This factor can explain the fact that someone's nails almost never break, and someone, even using numerous cosmetic products for nail care, cannot restore the strength of the plates.

In addition to protein components, there are other elements in the nail plate, for example, lipids. These substances give the nails their specific shine. If for some reason the amount of fatty components in the nail plate is reduced, then this leads to a change in their appearance. So, they become less shiny and look ugly. The nail plate is well supplied with blood. In the nail bed, which is represented by connective tissue, there are many blood vessels. They provide blood supply to the growth zone of the nail. If there is enough blood, the nails grow well and look attractive.

The nail plate consists of a set of epithelial cells arranged in layers. If the cell layers are not disturbed, then the nail remains intact. At the same time, the density of cell layers can be different. So, in some people the nails look pretty thick, in others they are thin and often break. Nail plates are quite resistant to various influences. For example, if they are not damaged, then the various chemical components have practically no effect on them. Some people clean the house while their nails remain healthy and shiny. For others, even when washing dishes with gloves, nail plates begin to exfoliate strongly.

Another anatomical area of ​​the nail are the sinuses. They should not be forgotten during a manicure. If you injure this area of ​​the nail, then you can later face various problems. Sinuses are located between the nail plate and skin roller (cuticle). It is necessary to process this site only with clean, disinfected tools. In the bosom of its inaccurate treatment, you can carry the infection, which further will lead to suppuration.

The lamination of nails can be caused by a variety of reasons. The degree of stratification also varies. With minimal damage to the nail plates, the appearance of the nails does not change much. Mostly they look healthy, but they grow rather slowly. In this case, as a rule, only the free edge of the nail plate breaks. If the nails are strongly exfoliated, then they look untidy. Many women try to mask this problem by painting their nails with decorative varnish. However, in such a situation it is better to use not a decorative product, but a therapeutic agent. In this case, it is necessary to determine the cause of developing disorders and conduct a comprehensive treatment.

Nails exfoliate not only on the hands, but also on the legs. Dermatologists say that most often crumble the big toe. The reasons for such changes can be many - from traumatic to fungal infections. In this case, the damage usually occurs from the nail bed itself. Such a condition requires a careful approach, as well as the obligatory determination of the reason that contributed to exfoliation.

The stratification of nails can occur for a variety of reasons. It is interesting that you can face this problem at different ages.So, sometimes the nails are strongly exfoliated in the child, the same attack occurs in people mature, and even the elderly. Many say that nails exfoliate only if the body lacks certain minerals. However, this is not quite true. The lack of mineral intake is only one of the possible causes that can provoke this violation. However, the emergence of the stratification of the nail plates and other numerous factors.

Exfoliating nails can appear at an early age. So, marigolds sometimes exfoliate even in infants. Pediatric doctors note that this condition is often recorded in babies at 2-3 years. At the same time, experts say that the causes of such a violation, as a rule, are internal, that is, are associated with some changes in the functioning of the child's body.

Yevgeny Komarovsky, a popular pediatrician, notes that each baby has its own individual characteristics, and it is necessary to individually identify the problem of splitting nails. In children younger than three years, iron deficiency anemia often leads to nail foliation. This pathology is characterized by a decrease in blood hemoglobin and / or red blood cells. There is such a pathological condition due to the fact that the children's body is experiencing iron deficiency.

Unbalanced nutrition is another factor that can lead to the development of this pathology. So, if a baby does not eat enough vegetables and fruits, then he does not get the amount of minerals his body needs. Inadequate intake of calcium, chromium or zinc can cause the development of mineral disorders leading to increased brittleness of the nails. Babies who attend educational institutions, the causes of increased nail foliation are often associated with various skin diseases. At this age, the appearance of such a problem may result in:

• eczema;
• psoriasis;
• fungal infection;
• congenital epidermolysis.

In adolescence, dyshormonal disorders can contribute to the formation of strong nail lamination. During puberty, the balance of sex hormones changes in the body. Such alterations lead to the fact that a teenager has various symptoms - for example, increased oily skin, brittle nails or seborrhea of ​​the scalp. As a rule, such adverse symptoms disappear after the child gets older and "grows up" from adolescence.

Another pathology that is common in babies is onychophagy. This condition is characterized by the fact that the child, nervous, begins to bite his nails. Interestingly, this habit is quite persistent. If a psychologist didn’t work with a kid as a child, the habit of biting his nails can be maintained for the rest of his life. And it manifests itself, as a rule, involuntarily. So, if a person with onychophagy develops stress, then he uncontrollably begins to bite the nail ridges. Usually such people walk around with burrs, and their hands look untidy.

Another bad habit, which can manifest itself since childhood, is a strong tapping with nails on hard objects. Usually this desire appears in people at the time when they are very nervous. If you have noticed such a thing for your child, then in this case you need to talk with him, and if necessary, show him to a psychologist.In this case, a high-quality specialist consultation is required, as well as the necessary psychotherapy, so that this habit does not take root and does not become permanent.

The fair sex want to look great at any age. Nails - a kind of "calling card" of any lady. If your hands are well-groomed, then it certainly adds charm, and even boosts self-esteem. Thus, if the nail plate begin to break and crumble, it causes psychological discomfort. There may be several reasons for this. Quite often, external effects lead to the separation of nail plates:

• household chemicals;
• water, especially hot;
• alkaline substances;
• soap containing chemical dyes and other additives.

The problem of exfoliation of the nails can contribute to even frequent build-up. During such a procedure, not only is a strong mechanical treatment of the nail plate, but various chemicals are used, including coatings. For women who often grow their nails, the nail plates begin to exfoliate even after removing artificial nails. The reason for this is a violation of the technology of removing accumulated elements.

The use of liquids containing acetone, can also cause the appearance of exfoliation of nails. If you use such a tool for removing decorative varnishes too often, it can lead to the fact that the nail plate will be overdried. Acetone - a substance that can change the chemical composition of the nail. If a woman's nails are badly broken, then it is better to refuse to use such a tool.

Temperature additionally affects the nails. Low temperature contributes to the fact that the nails begin to exfoliate strongly. Usually, the problem of exfoliation of the nail appears in women who do not wear gloves in the cold. Also, this problem may be caused by staying in too dry air. The nail plate contains a certain amount of water, and too dry air can contribute to the draining of the nails, which leads to the fact that they begin to crumble strongly.

Mechanical external causes are an additional group of factors that provide strong delamination. Poorly performed manicure or pedicure may well cause this problem. In addition, any traumatic injuries can lead to strong foliation. A special group consists of pathological conditions that were triggered by traumatic damage to blood vessels.

Internal causes can also cause problems with nail splitting. So, nails often exfoliate in women who experience hormonal imbalances. Contribute to the pathology of the thyroid gland. Chronic diseases of the ovaries resulting in the development of an imbalance of hormones can also lead to a strong foliation of the nails. In many cases, problems with breaking nails occur during pregnancy.

Before treating layered nails, you need to determine the cause of its development. To do this, be sure to contact a specialist. It is better that the primary consultation was conducted by a general practitioner. The doctor will examine the damaged nails and make a plan for the necessary examinations. After such a comprehensive examination, the doctor will determine which specialists are required to visit.

If the reason for the strong nail lamination was caused by digestive problems or mineral impairment, then a gastroenterologist will be required. If the reason lies in hormonal disorders, you will be sent to an endocrinologist.Parents of babies with the problem of strong delamination of the nails should visit a pediatrician and a pediatric dermatologist. These specialists can determine the cause of this disorder, and therefore, it will be much easier to carry out its therapy.

The beauty of the nails depends on the basic care of them. Dermatologists say that to prevent the problem of pathological fragility of the nail plate is much easier than subsequently to treat it. That is why they recommend to follow some preventive recommendations.

• When cleaning the house or washing dishes you need to use special protective gloves.
• Hygienic manicure should be carried out only with pre-disinfected instruments. If such processing is carried out outside the home, then it should be performed by a competent, experienced specialist who has received appropriate training and has sufficient work experience.
• It is very important to follow the diet. In the diet must necessarily contain various sources of food nutrients, as well as important for the body mineral compounds and vitamins. Any diet should be balanced and take into account the individual characteristics of the organism.

How to cure split nails, see the next video.